Slide 3 of 32
Notes:
"The Cognitive Structure Principle. The purpose of instruction is to promote the development of that cognitive structure that is most consistent with the desired learned performance."
"The Elaboration Principle. The purpose of instruction is to promote incremental elaboration of the most appropriate cognitive structure to enable the learner to achieve increased generality and complexity in the desired learned performance."
"The Learner Guidance Principle. The purpose of instruction is to promote that active cognitive processing that best enables the learner to use the most appropriate cognitive structure in a way consistent with the desired learned performance."
"The Practice Principle. The purpose of instruction is to provide the dynamic, ongoing opportunity for monitored practice that requires the learner to demonstrate the desired learned performance, or a close approximation of it, while the instruction monitors the activity and intervenes with feedback both as to result and process.”
Merrill, M. D. (1987) The New Component Design Theory: Instructional design for Courseware Authoring. Instructional Science, 16, 19-34.
